Overweight/obesity up from 20 years ago with biggest bump among very obese
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Only 33% of Americans ages 25 to 54, and 28% of those 55 and older, fell into the normal weight category of having a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-24.9, as the rates of overweight and obese adults continues to increase, researchers reported. The problem is especially serious among non-Hispanic black women.
Based on a sample of the national population of men and women from 2007 to 2012, 40% of men and 30% of women were overweight, and 35% of men and 37% of women qualified as obese, Lin Yang, PhD, and Graham A. Colditz, MD, DrPH, of Washington University School of Medicine, in St. Louis, Mo., reported in a research letter in JAMA Internal Medicine.
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Yang and Colditz looked at data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012 to provide an update tracking of overweight and obese men and women in America. They looked at adults across gender, race, and ethnicity, and split the sample into an older group and a younger group.
The researchers compared this more recent data with findings from a 1999 study, by Must et al., that looked at data points from 1988 to 1994, and found that the most remarkable difference was an increase in non-Hispanic black women who were obese with BMIs of 40 or more.
Yang and Colditz aggregated the NHANES data from 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, and excluded anyone who was younger than 25, pregnant at the time of examination, or did not provide complete weight and height information.
The researchers based their calculations of a sample of the weighted population of 36,325,297 men and 28,894,630 women.
The researchers split the designation of obesity, defined as a BMI of 30 or more, into three classes: class one ranged from 30.0-34.9, class two ranged from 35.0-39.9, and class three was a BMI of 40 or higher.
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Among Mexican-American men, 19% were normal weight and 43% were overweight. Mexican-American women had higher numbers in the normal weight category at 22%, and fewer were overweight compared to their male counterparts at 34%. But, 25% of men and 24% of women in the Mexican-American cohort qualified as obesity class 1. In obesity class 2, 8% of Mexican-American men, and 12% of women, were listed, and a similar trend was seen in obesity class 3 with 5% of men and 7% of women.
For non-Hispanic blacks, the men had higher rates of overweight individuals at 33% compared to the women at 26%, but the women had higher rates of obesity class 1 with 26% compared to the men at 22%. Non-Hispanic black men had 10% and 7% of their population in obesity class 2 and 3, respectively. And among the women, the rates of obesity classes two and three were much higher than those of other races/ethnicities at 13% and 17%, respectively.
Non-Hispanic white men had lower rates of normal weight compared with their female counterparts with 23% versus 34%, trending toward a greater tendency for men in this demographic to fall in the overweight category at 41% compared with 30% of non-Hispanic white women. Obesity class 1 housed 23% of non-Hispanic white men, and 18% of women, 8% of men and 9% of women were in obesity class 2, and 4% of men and 7% of women were in obesity class 3.
Broken down by age, 33% of all men and women ages 25-54 were normal weight, as were 28% of those 55 and older. Overweight rates reached 29% for the younger group compared with 32% for the older group. Obesity class 1 rates were higher among the older sample at 21% compared with the younger sample at 18%. In obesity class 2, 8% were younger and 10% were older. Both groups had 8% in obesity class 3.
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