The blood test can detect the type of cancer and its location in the body. It is 93% accurate in predicting the tissue in which cancer originated whereas the false positive rate was only 0.7%. the test was able to detect advanced stage cancers more accurately. It can detect 18% of stage I tumors whereas for stage IV tumor the accuracy jumps to 93%. How accurate it can detect cancer also depends on the cancer type. For stage I pancreatic cancer it has a success rate of 65%. However, for stage IV pancreatic cancer the detection rate is 100%.
The test uses an artificial intelligence algorithm that analyzes the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that is leaked by the tumor cells into the bloodstream of the cancer patient. Researchers used more than 3,000 blood samples. Half of these samples were collected from patients with different types of cancer while the other half wer collected from healthy individuals.
A machine-learning algorithm was then trained to look for specific chemical changes to the cfDNA that indicate the presence of cancer and classify it accordingly. The test is still in the early stages of development. More tests will need to be done in larger groups. Early diagnosis of cancer is the key to successful treatment. It greatly increases the chances of survival of the patients.
Currently, effective screening only exists for a few cancer types. Fives of the cancers covered by this test have no screening tests. These include esophageal, liver, ovarian, pancreatic, and stomach cancers. These cancers typically don’t cause symptoms until they reach more advanced stages of the disease that’s when survival rates are much lower.
Other blood tests for cancer detection include blood protein Testing. This blood test detects multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer it detects abnormal immune system protein called immunoglobulin in blood. It is estimated that by 2030, the number of cancer deaths will rise to 13 million each year.
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